背景及研究目的：勞動部於2020年9月16日修正發布「女性勞工母性健康保護實施辦法」條文，重點包含擴大適用範圍、明定100人以上之事業單位應訂定母性健康保護計畫、新增雇主應加強作業場所危害評估及採行措施、強化勞工個人健康狀況與工作適性評估，顯見育齡期女性母性健康保護已為職場健康促進關注重點。而夜間工作本為妊娠期女性所禁止，惟大法官於2021年8月20日針對勞基法第49條第一項規定做出了第807號解釋，宣告該規定違反憲法第7條之保障性別平等意旨。本研究將透過調查女性勞工日夜間工作之健檢結果差異，討論日夜班工作女性健康是否因生理時鐘特殊影響而有所不同。

研究方法：研究將以某工廠2020年女性同仁健檢結果，分為長期夜間工作與非長期夜間工作同仁兩組資料，以30歲以下、30-39歲、40-49歲與50歲以上為年齡分層分析。夜間工作與否之分類依據，則依勞動部指定長期夜間工作之勞工為雇主應施行特定項目健康檢查之特定對象定義。

結果：依勞動部指定長期夜間工作之勞工為雇主應施行特定項目健康檢查之特定對象定義，可將該廠女性勞工分為夜間工作1741人(43.9%)，日間工作2227人(56.1%)，共3968人。其中夜間工作者年齡較輕(-4.7歲)且工作年資較短(-3.7年)、BMI略高(+0.4 kg/m2)、收縮壓與舒張壓略高(+1.7 & +0.6 mmHg)、腰圍較寬(+1.1cm)、三酸甘油脂較高(+8.6 mg/dL)、GOT與GPT略高(+0.9 & +1.0 U/L)、LDLC略低(-3.2 mg/dL)，這些差異皆有達到統計上顯著。育齡期女性，依我國主計處定義，為15歲至49歲(即滿15歲至未滿50歲)女性；本研究中超過50歲以上之夜間女性勞工僅佔所有夜間工作者1.1%，50歲以上日間女性勞工僅佔所有日間工作者3.5%，顯示多數工作者為育齡期女性勞工，故亦可將本研究視為育齡期日夜間工作者健康檢查結果差異比較資料。

結論：研究結果顯示，女性夜間工作者較易出現BMI過重、腰圍異常與三酸甘油酯異常傾向，但日夜間女性工作者發生代謝症候群的比例並無顯著不同。經年齡分層後，這些差異主要顯現在30~49歲間，包括BMI、腰圍、收縮壓、舒張壓及任一血壓偏高、三酸甘油酯與HDLC異常。

Background and Aims: The aim of this study was to make an analysis from the annual health check data (March, 2020) of the female employees less than 50-year-old, to evaluate the associations between night shift work and health effects.

Methods: The research will analyze the results of the health checkup for female colleagues in a factory in 2020, and divide the data into two groups of night-shift workers and non-shift workers. The age stratification is based on the age of under 30, 30-39, 40-49 and over 50.

Results: A total of 3968 female employees were recruited in the study, divided into 1,741 (43.9%) night-shift employees, and 2,227 (56.1%) non-shift employees. Among them, night workers are younger (-4.7 years old) and have shorter working years (-3.7 years), BMI is slightly higher (+0.4 kg/m2), systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure are slightly higher (+1.7 & +0.6 mmHg), waist circumference is wider (+1.1cm), triglyceride is higher (+8.6 mg/dL), GOT and GPT are slightly higher (+0.9 & +1.0 U/L), LDLC is slightly lower (-3.2 mg/dL), all of these differences are all statistically significant.

Conclusion: The results of the study showed that female night-shift workers were more likely to have a tendency to overweight (higher BMI), abnormal waist circumference, and abnormal triglycerides, but there was no significant difference in the proportion of female workers who developed metabolic syndrome during the night-shift or non-shift workers. After age stratification, these differences are mainly manifested between 30 and 49 years old, including BMI, waist circumference, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and any high blood pressure, triglycerides and HDLC abnormalities. Enhanced female labor protection on metabolic disorder might be necessary for night-shift workers.