本研究旨在於現行的軍事體育制度中，導入運動科學教育，依照課程屬性發展多元評量策略，並建構影響運動科學課程學習成效之評估構面與要素，發掘影響學習成效之關鍵因素，藉以提升國軍軍事體育教學成效。本研究整合焦點團體法、深度訪談法、修正式德菲法與層級分析法，透過授課師資、專家學者及147位師資培育學員的問卷調查、訪談與回饋，建立一套導入運動科學教育之方案。研究結果：一、在軍事體育既有的體能訓練等3個類別外，新增運動科學類及8門課程。二、學習評量依課程屬性區分4種方式。三、影響運動科學課程學習成效包含4項評估構面與19項要素，其中以互動溝通、運動知識與引發學習為最重要的關鍵因素。四、在導入的8門課程中，以運動營養學等3門課程獲得較高評價；運動生物力學與體育行政理論的評價較差，需進一步檢討與修正。

The purpose of this research is to introduce exercise and sport science education (ESSE) into the current military sports system. This study develops multiple learning assessment strategies based on the attributes of curriculums, constructs the assessment dimensions and key elements that affect the learning performance of ESSE and explores the key factors that affect the learning performance. By doing so, it is hoped to enhance efficacy of military physical education in Taiwan. This study integrates focus group discussion, in-depth interview, modified Delphi method, and analytic hierarchy process to process data collected through semi-structured questionnaire and interviews with faculties, experts, and 147 trainee teachers. The aim is to establish a military sports program that combines ESSE. The results are: (1) 8 new courses are added in the curriculum under the category of “sports science”; (2) base on the features of ESSE, learning assessments are divided into 4 methods: written test, presentation, certification acquisition, and special topics; (3) influencing factors of ESSE learning efficacy include 4 assessment dimensions and 19 key elements. In addition, key elements considered most crucial are: “interactive communication”, “exercise and sport knowledge” and “learning motivation” ; (4) among the 8 new courses, “sports nutrition”, “exercise and sport training method” and “sports injury first aid” gain the highest scores in sections of importance, practicality and overall satisfaction, moreover, “sports biomechanics” and “sports administration theory” gain the lowest learning efficacy.