隨著時代的變遷及多元化的衝擊，學校領導的類型及權力的結構已不是單一或傳統的領導者所專有。本文旨在透過文獻回顧與分析，探究：一、校長領導重點之遞變與發展取向；二、教師領導之涵義與理論、層次與策略；三、校長領導、教師領導與學校效能相關之實證分析。同時，本文亦分別從權力基礎、賦權增能及藤原效應（Fujiwaraeffect）分析校長領導與教師領導之關係與啟示。最後，分別從教師（教學）領導、校長（轉型）領導及整體學校領導等三個取向，提出本文之結論與啟示。

With the changes of the times and the impact of diversity, the type of school leadership and the structure of power are no longer exclusive to a single or traditional leader. Through literature review and analysis, this study aims to explore the evolution and developmental orientation of principal leadership; the meaning and theory of teacher leadership as well as its levels and strategies; the empirical analysis of principal leadership, teacher leadership and school effectiveness. Also, from power base, empowerment and Fujiwara effect, this study analyzed the relationship between principal leadership and teacher leadership. Finally, three orientations are proposed and concluded: teacher leadership, principal leadership and overall school leadership for implication and future study.