肌少症意指身體肌肉量流失及肌肉功能下降。胰島素抗性是代謝症候群與肌少症的共同機轉，胰 島素抗性增加將增加肌肉中蛋白質的分解與減其合成，進而導致肌少症。胰島素抗性增加，會促進肌肉 中脂肪的生成並抑制P-氧化，從而導致肌肉中過量的脂肪堆積，而肌少症所導致的葡萄糖調節功能減弱， 亦將進一步加強胰島素抗性的程度。增加有氧與阻抗運動，並注重健康飲食，可同時改善肌少症與代謝 症候群的發生。

Sarcopenia refers to the loss of muscle mass and decline in muscle function in the body. Insulin resistance is a common mechanism underlying both metabolic syndrome and sarcopenia. Increased insulin resistance leads to an increase in protein breakdown and a decrease in protein synthesis in the muscles, thereby contributing to sarcopenia. Furthermore, increased insulin resistance promotes the generation of fat and inhibits p-oxidation in the muscles, resulting in excessive fat accumulation. The impaired glucose regulation caused by sarcopenia further exacerbates insulin resistance. Increasing aerobic and resistance exercise, as well as focusing on a healthy diet, can simultaneously improve the occurrence of both sarcopenia and metabolic syndrome.