本文主要探討台灣骨質疏鬆症和肌少症對老年人的影響，以及在社區中進行篩檢和介入的效益。 隨著台灣進入高齡化社會，骨質疏鬆症和肌少症成為社會和醫療體系面臨的重大挑戰。骨質疏鬆症是由 於老化、遺傳、停經和疾病導致骨質流失，增加骨折風險；而肌少症則是肌肉質量和力量逐漸下降，影 響老年人的身體健康和生活品質，增加跌倒和骨折風險、認知功能障礙、罹病率、失能和死亡率。此外， 肌少症和骨質疏鬆症之間有密切的關聯且會相互作用。最近，全球各國針對大規模社區骨鬆篩檢介入之 推廣，及實證經濟效益評估，已日益受到重視，本文亦會介紹在台灣偏鄉的初步篩檢結果，及未來努力 的方向。

This article mainly discusses the impact of osteoporosis and sarcopenia on the elderly in Taiwan, as well as the benefits of screening and intervention in the community. As Taiwan enters an aging society, osteoporosis and sarcopenia have become major challenges for society and the healthcare system. Osteoporosis is caused by aging, genetics, menopause, and disease leading to bone loss, increasing the risk of fractures. Sarcopenia, on the other hand, is the gradual decline in muscle mass and strength, affecting the physical health and quality of life of the elderly, increasing the risk of falls and fractures, cognitive impairment, morbidity, disability, and mortality. Additionally, there is a close relationship and interaction between sarcopenia and osteoporosis. Recently, the promotion and evaluation of the economic benefits of large-scale community osteoporosis screening and intervention have been increasingly emphasized globally. This article will also introduce the preliminary screening results in rural areas of Taiwan and future efforts.