深部靜脈栓塞（deep vein thrombosis, DVT）是一種在深部靜脈中形成血塊的血栓，最常見於腿部或骨盆。出現包括：疼痛、腫脹、發紅和靜脈擴大等症狀。動靜脈瘻管（arteriovenous fistula, AVF）是在動脈和靜脈系統之間，形成異常的連結通道。出現包括：腫脹、疼痛、頻繁的感染、瘀血或出血等症狀。然而，AVF與DVT有部分症狀相似，往往容易被忽視。本病例報告是一名53歲男性糖尿病患者，有類似下肢深部靜脈栓塞症狀的動靜脈瘻管。於二年前，他的左下肢出現DVT症狀。經電腦斷層血管攝影檢查，顯示左下肢深部靜脈，有類似AVF瘻管的證據。我們在文獻探討中，也討論其他類似的案例。

Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is a type of venous thrombosis involving the formation of a blood clot in a deep vein, most commonly in the legs or pelvis. Symptoms can include pain, swelling, redness, and enlarged veins. Arteriovenous fistula (AVF) is anomalous connections between the arterial and venous system. Symptoms can include swelling, pain, frequent infections, and bruising or bleeding. However, AVF shares some of the symptoms of DVT and are often easily overlooked. This case report is a 53-year-old man with diabetes and an arteriovenous fistula with symptoms resembling deep vein embolism of the lower extremities. He developed symptoms of DVT in his left leg two years ago. Computed tomography angiographic study of the lower limbs showed evidence of an AVF with opacification of the deep left leg veins. We also discussed similar cases found in the literature.