新島淳良(1928-2002)是日本的中國研究學者，也是活躍於上世紀60年代的「文革禮讚派」。新島利用自己豐富的中國研究學問，多著書立說，狂熱地頌揚毛澤東思想的優秀。由於日後否定文革的風潮，加上新島作為當時日本學術界中非常突出的文革禮讚派先鋒，使歷來很少學者關注他在學問上的洞見。本文主要考察新島對《周易》陰陽二元思想與毛澤東思想的關係的看法，指出他如何以《周易》及中國傳統的陰陽二元論突出毛澤東思想的優秀，並探討其在學術思想與日本社會上的意義。新島並非易學專家，但他的觀點獨特，有別於當時中、日學者試圖將毛澤東思想與中國傳統思想拉上關係，新島認為毛澤東思想對傳統思想完全是一種斷裂，但卻「否定地繼承」傳統的陰陽二元思想，而正因為這種「否定的繼承」，才顯出毛澤東思想的優秀。新島的觀點反映出一個狂熱的學者，如何否定地利用中國古典支撐著他的毛澤東論。

Niijima Atsuyoshi (1928-2002) was a Japanese scholar of Chinese studies and an active member of the so-called “Cultural Revolution Rite” in the 1960s. Drawing on his extensive knowledge of Chinese studies, he authored books in which he fervently extolled the virtues of Mao Zedong Thought. Because the Cultural Revolution was generally dismissed and the fact that Niijima was a prominent proponent of the Cultural Revolution Rite in Japanese academia at the time, little attention has been paid to his scholarly insights. This article examines how he highlights the excellence of Mao Zedong Thought by discussing the relationship between the dualism of Yinyang in the I Ching and Mao Zedong Thought, and how he explores the significance of this relationship in academia and Japanese society. Niijima was not an expert on the I Ching, but his viewpoint is unique. Unlike contemporary the Chinese and Japanese scholars who tried to relate Mao Zedong Thought to traditional Chinese thought, Niijima argues that Mao Zedong Thought completely breaks with traditional thought, but still “negatively inherits” the traditional dualism of Yinyang, and it is precisely this “negative inheritance” that reveals the excellence of Mao Zedong Thought. Niijima’s views show how a fanatical scholar uses the Chinese classics negatively to support his Maoist theory.