Sex and gender are different concepts, and both closely related to human health and diseases. In the scientific community, however, sex and gender have long been under-researched. To exclude and omit a particular population or demographic character without a scientific basis might hinder the development of optimal healthcare for both women and men, compromise the quality of research, and aggravate health inequity. Since 1990, principal research grants agencies in the United States, Canada, and the European Union have developed strategies responsive to the above situations. International journal editors have also paid more attention to this issue and formulated relevant guidelines. In Taiwan, the National Science and Technology Council (NSTC) has amended its project funding policies since 2016, requiring the applicant to conduct sex/gender analysis if the project involves clinical trials. Since 2020, the Department of Life Sciences of NSTC, the Department of Humanities and Social Sciences of NSTC, and the Taiwan Food and Drug Administration have all made an effort to develop policies and guidelines to promote sex/gender considerations in research. In this article, we first reviewed the history of relevant policies established in the United States and Canada, the recommendations and guidelines for sex and gender considerations in the international journals, and the current status in Taiwan. Finally, we proposed a draft guideline, “Promoting Sex and Gender Considerations in Research,” for researchers as a reference.