徐訏於抗戰發生後，毅然從海外歸國。當他踏上孤島上海時曾說：「上海已不是上海，但上海人還是上海人，在這人海中，我竟看不見中國的怒吼。」這隱含著他對日軍進犯中國，以及當下中國民族性無法積極抗戰的感受。筆者循此提問――在此情境下，徐訏的抗戰情緒該如何抒發？換言之，徐訏的感受不無感時憂國的情懷，這能使我們如何重新理解其與現實的關係？目前對抗戰時期徐訏的討論，研究者們雖肯定其小說有著浪漫主義與現代主義的文學價值，卻仍多認為與現實保持著一定的距離。然而，早年徐訏受到五四新文學與馬克思主義影響，形塑出帶有現實眼光的文藝觀。此後，徐訏告別了馬克思主義，其作品的現實意味也退居至浪漫情調之後，不過我們依然可見他藉由異國經驗帶出中國文化建設的主張，並且有著模糊虛／實界線的寫作意識，使其小說在某種程度上與現實有所互涉。此外，徐訏以劇本《兄弟》與小說《風蕭蕭》中的人物身分操演，將抗戰文壇對於「個人」與「集體」的討論，提升至戰爭中個人心靈危機的叩問，表現彼此既對立又相依的關係。雖然，徐訏作品中的「異國」、「愛情」，始終難以與抗戰密合。不過，仍可從中看見徐訏與現實展開的互動與對話，為抗戰文學帶來不同的思考與可能性。

Xu Xu 徐訏 felt "Shanghai is no longer Shanghai, but Shanghai people are still Shanghai people, and couldn't even see any roar from this country" after returning back to China as outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War. There is implication on Japanese invasion of China and Chinese couldn't resist against aggression actively in his sentence. The author would like to accordingly ask—how should Xu Xu express his anti-Japanese sentiment? In other words, Xu Yu has a feeling of worrying about the country in modern literature. How can we re-understand the relationship between his works and reality? In the current discussion on Xu Xu during the Anti-Japanese War period, although researchers believe that his novels have romantic and modernist literary value, most of them think that his works keeps a certain distance from reality. Xu Xu was influenced by the May Fourth Literature and Marxism, which made his literary concepts are along with "reality" in his early works, but it's vanishing after he no longer believed in Marxism, so does his literary became more romantic rather than realistic. However, we still can find that his statements of Chinese cultural construction brought by foreign experience are intentionally blur the boundary between reality and fiction in his works, to make his novels interact with reality in some degrees. In addition, his script "XiongDi" 兄弟 and novel "FengXiaoXiao" 風蕭蕭 bring the question of "individual" and "collective" up to an inquiry into the personal mental crisis during a war, and point the interaction between dependence and contradiction. Although, the "exotic" and "love" in Xu Xu's works are difficult to closely match the reality of the Anti-Japanese War. However, we can still see Xu Xu's interaction and dialogue with the reality, which brought different thoughts and possibilities for Anti-Japanese War literature.