政治的複雜性使得法家學派的文本詮釋困難，其寫作成員複雜，著作宗旨眾說紛紜，作者或有明哲保身，或有政治企圖，不過在學派的脈絡中，可看出哲人有其「核心要旨」。本文旨在論述法家學派的政治思想，經由「政治實踐」與「政治哲學」的比較研究，聚焦於「權力」與「民本」，「人性利己」與「天下大利」，「君法」與「道法」。經由本文的論述或可補足既有的研究框架，看出法家政治思想是實踐與哲學交織。

The intricacy of the politics makes it difficult to interpret the texts of the Legalism. Its contributors had complex backgrounds and various motives. They may choose self-preservation or have political ambitions led to diverse purposes in their works. However, certain core essences were still shared among these philosophers in the school's context. The purpose of this study was to discuss the political thoughts of the Legalism and focus on some opposing notions such as “power” and “people oriented,” “human egoism” and “interests under the world,” and “standards of the lord” and “standards of the Dao” through the comparison between “political practice” and “political philosophy.” This paper not only supplemented the current research framework, but also showed that the Legalism's political thoughts are intertwined with practice and philosophy.