目的：國民壽命的延長是已開發國家的重要象徵，臺灣已進入高齡社會階段，中高齡與高齡工作者的職業安全衛生議題相較以往更加被重視。本研究尋找事業單位內與中高齡工作者工作適能相關之因素，並檢視工作者個人健康與工作場所風險評估、自評肌肉骨骼症狀調查及工作能力指數之相關性。

方法：2022年於臺灣某工業機械設備檢修安裝工廠招募中高齡工人，以面對面訪談的方式，進行心血管疾病風險評估、肌肉骨骼症狀調查和工作適應性評估；並運用SPSS 22.0版進行資料處理及分析，統計方法採用費雪精確檢定。

結果：本研究共招募到59位受試者，其中29位(49%)至少有一處肌肉骨骼不適症狀，其部位以下背部的比例最高(28%)。交叉分析顯示「工作適能」分級與「肌肉骨骼分數」分層達統計學上顯著差異(p-value<0.05)；「年齡」分層則與「肌肉骨骼分數」分層、「十年心血管疾病風險」分級均無顯著相關。

結論：中高齡工作者之工作適能分級與肌肉骨骼分數分層有相關性，可作為後續事業單位擬定職場健康促進策略之方向；未來可以進行前瞻性世代追蹤或介入性研究，以期增進中高齡工作者之福祉。

Background: In recent years, birth rate in Taiwan has declined and the average life expectancy has increased, resulting in an aged population. To promote the health of senior and middle- aged workers, improve their work fitness and working environment, the Eastern District Workers’ Health Service Center of the Occupational Safety and Health Administration of the Ministry of Labor assists workplaces to implement the health service plan, therefore to provide a safe and healthy working environment for senior and middle-aged workers.

Methods: In 2022, senior and middle-aged workers at a workplace for maintenance and installation of industrial machinery and equipment in Taiwan were recruited and the data were gathered through a face-to-face interview. Risk assessment for cardiovascular disease, musculoskeletal symptoms survey and work fitness were evaluated and analyzed statistically. Occupational specialists from the center provided health consultation, health guidance and work environment improvement services for senior and middle-aged workers.

Results and discussion: Fifty-nine workers were included in this study, 29 workers (49%) had at least one musculoskeletal disorder, among those the most common site was lower back pain (28%). The cross-analysis revealed that there was a statistically significant difference (p-value<0.05) between the work fitness and the musculoskeletal score; whereas age was not significantly correlated with the risk of cardiovascular disease risk, nor the musculoskeletal score.

Conclusion: The promotion of health management, the improvement of job suitability assessment and the improvement of working environment are essential for senior and middle-aged workers. Keep these workers remain in workplace can pass on their work experience, helps to maintain workplace safety and productivity. This health service plan will be introduced to other workplace with the same needs.