本文以貫穿《阿含經》「念天」（Devatānusmṛti）及大乘淨土經「念佛」（Buddhānusmṛti）的「隨念」（anusmṛti）概念為線索，重新檢視大乘「淨土」思想源頭、類別及觀修實踐的差異。從印度原始佛教的「生天」思想，到中國淨土宗曇鸞倡導依他力本願，臨終「十念」相續，往生彌陀淨土的「易行道」，依「隨念」所緣不同，將淨土分為兩系：般若系的唯心淨土與淨土系的他方淨土。其中，《般舟三昧經》結合阿彌陀信仰的「觀想念佛」與般若學的「實相念佛」，可視為兩系淨土論的融通。龍樹《十住毘婆沙論》「難易二道」的提出，也反映出大乘解脫論對「念佛」與「往生淨土」的納攝。曇鸞吸收世親「五念門」的疏釋，其中迴向門「往還迴向」在利他中完成自利的兩重迴向義，更突出完備淨土思想嚴土熟生的圓教理想。

In this paper, we take the concept of anusmṛti, which runs through the Devatānusmṛti of the Āgama sutras and the Buddhānusmṛti of the Mahāyāna Pure Land Sutra, as a thread, and re-examine the origin, types, and differences in the practice of Mahāyāna Pure Land Buddhism. From the saggakathā thought of primitive Buddhism in India to the easy way advocated by Tan Luan of the Pure Land Sect in China, which is based on the Buddha's wish to be reborn in the Pure Land of Amitabha at the end of life by concentrating on the continuity of “ten recitations”, the Pure Land is categorized into two systems according to the difference in the object of cognition of the anusmṛti, namely, the mind-only Pure Land of the Prajña system and the Pure Land system of the Pure Land system, which is the Pure Land of the Other Side. Among these, the Pratyutpannabuddhasaṃmukhāvasthitasamādhisūtra combines “mindfulness of the contemplation of a Buddha” of the Amitabha faith with the prajnārjuna’s “real-phase remembrance of the Buddha” and can be seen as a fusion of the two schools of Pure Land theory, while the “two paths of difficulty and ease” of Nāgārjuna's Daśabhūmikavibhāṣā reflects the Mahāyāna liberation theory's acceptance of the Buddha's remembrance of the Buddha and rebirth in the Pure Land. In his explanation of the “Five Ways of Memory” by Vasubandhu, which was absorbed by Tanluan, the two directions of the Reversion Gate, “Reversion in Return”, which accomplishes self-benefit in the midst of altruism, are especially perfect for the ideal of the Pure Land teaching of completing the doctrine.