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中華職業醫學雜誌
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| 篇名 | 台灣東部漁民職業性肌肉骨骼危害調查分析 |
|---|---|
| 卷期 | 31:1 |
| 並列篇名 | Surveillance of Occupational Musculoskeletal Disorders among Fishermen in Eastern Taiwan |
| 作者 | 林純吉 、 李忞璇 、 王漢珂 、 劉鴻文 |
| 頁次 | 011-024 |
| 關鍵字 | 漁民職業風險 、 工作相關肌肉骨骼傷害 、 人因性危害因子 、 北歐肌肉骨骼問卷調查表 、 fisherman 、 occupational hazard 、 ergonomic hazard 、 Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire 、 TSCI |
| 出刊日期 | 202401 |
中文摘要
背景：漁工的職業危害較為複雜而多樣，包括不安全的環境、機械傷害、重體力負荷及連續長時間作業。骨骼肌肉症狀、聽力損失及眼疾則是常見的健康問題。國內關於漁民職業病的相關研究相當有限。
方法：本研究採用結構式問卷調查，於台灣東部漁港採立意取樣方式收案，調查人口學資料、肌肉骨骼肌症狀以及測量雙手握力，共回收有效問卷53份，並以描述性統計方法進行研究分析。
結果與討論：漁工作業者之漁船作業捕撈性質，分別為近海漁業44人(83％)平均年齡60.4±11.0歲、沿岸漁業9人(17％)平均年齡44.4±12.5歲。漁工作業者「年齡」、「工作年資」、「教育程度」、「宗教信仰」以及「慢性疾病史」有顯著差異。近海漁業、沿岸漁業漁工肌肉骨骼傷病盛行率各占近海漁業(52.8％)及沿岸漁業(11.4％)，以持續3年以上(28.3％)、2-3年(15.1％)為多。慢性疾病史是近海漁業罹患肌肉骨骼傷病的危險因子(OR=-0.36, p＜0.05)。
結論：研究結果顯示，近海漁業或沿岸漁業之漁工肌肉骨骼症狀(MSDs)的盛行約近六成五(64.3％)，而慢性疾病史為危險因子。希望在既有的基礎上，政府部門、區域漁會以及相關學者共同合作，經由職業安全衛生政策的擬定、教育訓練的宣導建立漁工安全衛生的工作環境。
英文摘要
Background: Occupational hazards of fishermen are more diverse and complex, including unsafe working environment, mechanical injury, physical exertion and continuous long working hours, etc. Musculoskeletal disorders, hearing loss and eye diseases are rather common among fishermen. However, researches related these issues are quite limited in Taiwan.
Methods: This study adopts a structured questionnaire survey, collects cases by intentional sampling in fishing ports in eastern Taiwan, investigates demographic variables, musculoskeletal muscle disorders, and measures the grip strength of both hands. A total of 53 valid questionnaires are collected and analyzed by descriptive statistics.
Results and discussion: Inshore fishermen were 44 (83%) with an average age of 60.4±11.0 years, and coastal fishermen were 9 (17%) with an average age of 44.4±12.5 years. There were significant differences between inshore and costal fishermen in age, working years, education level, religion and history of chronic diseases. The prevalence of musculoskeletal disorder was 52.8% among offshore fishermen, and 11.4% among coastal fishermen respectively, and most of disorders were lasted for more than 3 years. The history of chronic diseases was a risk factor for musculoskeletal disorders among offshore fishermen (OR=-0.36, p<0.05).
Conclusion: The results revealed that the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) was nearly 65% (64.3%), regardless the inshore fishermen or coastal fishermen, and the history of chronic diseases was a risk factor. Based on these findings, it is highly recommended that government officials, regional fishing associations and scholars will work together to establish a safe and healthy working environment for fishers through the formulation of occupational safety and health policies, and the promotion of education and training.