共產國際在中國革命中佔有重要地位，因此如何在「正確」的國際路線下進行革命，就成為中國共產黨人一直追尋的方向。六屆四中全會在中共黨史上有著重要的影響，這是莫斯科在立三路線後，試圖奪回中國黨的一次嘗試，其主要目的是為了將王明等人扶上領導人位置。不過國際派的上臺，非但沒能帶來「革命高潮」，反倒是引發黨內矛盾危機。大批共產黨員接連被捕，這些人大部分沒有如同馬克思信仰者那般，選擇「慷慨赴義」或「寧死不屈」，而是投靠「階級敵人」的國民黨，這就嚴重打擊了中共中央的領導權威。

The Communist International plays an important role in the Chinese revolution. Therefore, how to carry out the revolution under the "correct" international line has become the direction that the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) has been following. The Fourth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee has a certain degree of influence in the history of the CCP. This was an attempt to retake power from the Chinese Party in Moscow after the establishment of the Third Route. The main purpose of the session was to bring Wang Ming and others to the leadership position. The rise of the internationalists not only failed to bring about a "revolutionary climax", but instead triggered a crisis of contradictions within the party. A large number of Communist Party members were arrested one after another. They did not choose to "sacrifice for the cause" or "choose death before disgrace" as Marx believers did. Instead, they seek refuge with the "class enemy" Kuomintang, which severely damaged the leadership of the CCP Central Committee.