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漢學研究集刊

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篇名 章學誠所論「詩教」研究
卷期 37
並列篇名 Research on "Poetry Education" by Zhang Xuecheng
作者 林葉連
頁次 135-198
關鍵字 章學誠文史通義詩教Zhang XuechengGeneral Principles of Literature and HistoryPoetry Education
出刊日期 202312

中文摘要

章學誠《文史通義.易教上》:「六經皆史也。……六經皆先王之政典也。」章氏依照此一主張,建構起自己的學術理論。他認為後世的文體,在戰國時期已經發展完備;又認為戰國時代的文體,大多源出於《詩經》,乍看之下,宛如石破驚天之語。本篇旨在證明章氏之言為可信。論述的重點分別是:1、《詩經》在筆法方面自具「比興諷喻的筆法」和「文飾質樸的功能」。2、探討在周朝的政治、社會方面,《詩經》被應用的情形。例如(1)詩歌典禮化,使詩的流傳和官方教化得藉以普及。(2)詩歌可以象徵華夷之別,宣揚教化,寄寓美刺褒貶。(3)官員出使專對,「賦詩言志」的風氣演變成「不學詩,無以言」的現象。3、《詩經》對於後世的文體確有明顯的影響,開了多項先河。而後總結評估章氏之言為可信。

英文摘要

According to Zhang Xuecheng's book "General Principles of Literature and History", "The Six Classics are all historical records. The Six Classics are political classics of ancient kings." Zhang constructed his own academic theory based on this proposition. He believed that the genre of articles in later generations had already developed fully during the Warring States period; The genre of articles during the Warring States period mostly originated from the Book of Songs, which at first glance is a very surprising statement. This article aims to prove the credibility of Zhang's words. The key points of the discussion are as follows: 1. The Book of Songs has its own "metaphorical and satirical brushwork" and "function of beautifying simplicity" in terms of brushwork.2. Exploring how the Zhou Dynasty applied the Book of Songs in politics or social life. For example, (1) the ritualization of poetry enables its dissemination and official education to be popularized. (2) Poetry can symbolize the difference between China and the barbarians, promote the education of the people, and convey beauty, criticism, and praise. (3) When officials have missions, the trend of "expressing their aspirations through poetry" has evolved into a phenomenon of "without learning poetry, one cannot communicate with the other party"3.The content and characteristics of the Book of Songs have indeed had a significant impact on the genre of later articles, setting multiple precedents. Then summarize and evaluate Zhang's claim as credible.

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