篇名 | 從歷時角度探討越南語中表可能性的能願模態詞系統 |
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卷期 | 22:1 |
並列篇名 | VIETNAMESE MODAL SYSTEM OF DYNAMIC POSSIBILITY: A DIACHRONIC PERSPECTIVE |
作者 | 潘玉陳 |
頁次 | 165-196 |
關鍵字 | 表可能性的能願模態詞 、 模態詞 、 được 、 句法/語意重新分析 、 歷時句法 、 越南語 、 dynamic possibility 、 modality 、 được 、 syntactic/semantic reanalysis 、 diachronic syntax 、 Vietnamese 、 Scopus 、 THCI |
出刊日期 | 202401 |
DOI | 10.6519/TJL.202401_22(1).0007 |
本文透過歷時語料探索越南語的能願模態詞(dynamic modals)系統,並大致勾勒出越南語模態詞分佈的時間順序。此外,我們進一步追溯在語料中發現的兩種能願模態詞được的句法-語意變化(syntacto-semantic changes)。本文認為動後(post-verbal)模態詞được是由結果標記(resultative marker)發展而來的,而曾經存在的動前(pre-verbal)模態詞được經過重新分析(reanalysis)由單純的可能性語意(opportunity reading)轉變為受惠性(benefactive)語意。為何在現代越南語中能願模態詞được僅出現於動詞後是一個長期存在的難題,本文藉由歷時的角度為此提出了一個解釋。
This preliminary work examines the Vietnamese diachronic data to first attempt a glimpse into the inventory of specialized dynamic modal elements in Vietnamese, and to adumbrate a rough chronology of this modal system. It further traces back the syntacto-semantic changes resulting in two distinct instances of the dynamic modal được. I argue that post-verbal được is immediately derived from a resultative marker, and there once existed a pre-verbal được with a pure opportunity reading, which was later reanalyzed as được with a benefactive interpretation. The paper thus provides an explanation to the long-held puzzle regarding the sole post-verbal position of dynamic modal được in Present-Day Vietnamese.