潰瘍性結腸炎是一難治性疾病，無論中醫或西醫，其療效都不理想。本研究嘗試以西醫的治法加以中藥白頭翁湯，來治療急性且首次發作的潰瘍性結腸炎：以觀察中西醫結合診治是否對此疾病的治療有加成的作用。自2003年7月至2008年7月，因潰瘍性結腸炎首次急性發作來本人門診就診的病人有47名，接受中西醫結合診治者有22例爲治療組；單純以西醫治療者有25例爲對照組。以病人的症狀及大腸鏡檢查評估療效。治療3個月後，病人症狀解除，大腸鏡檢查進步，一年內未再復發者爲顯著進步；病人症狀緩解，大腸鏡檢查進步，但症狀反覆，緩解期小於一年者爲進步：病人症狀持續，甚至變得更爲嚴重者爲無效。結果顯示治療組顯著進步、進步及無效的比例分別爲45.5%、40.9%及13.6%；對照組則分別爲28.0%、40.0%及32.0%。組別間雖無統計學上的差異；然顯著進步的比例，治療組明顯比對照組高。而無效的比率，實驗組遠低於對照組。本文初步研究潰瘍性結腸炎以中西醫結合診治取得不錯的效果，然仍需要進一步大規模的研究。

Ulcerative colitis is a disease hard to be cured by taking whether Chinese medicine or western medicine. This study thus attempts to combine western medicine and traditional Chinese medicine bai tou weng tong (Pulsatilla Root Decoction) to treat the patients with acute ulcerative colitis. The subjects were 47 outpatients who came to my clinic for treatment of acute and first attack of ulcerative colitis during the period from July 2003 to July 2008. Of them, 22 patients received Chinese and western medicine simultaneously (trial study group), while another 25 patients received only western medicine (control group). The efficacy was evaluated based on the patients’ own feels about the symptom relief and the results of colonoscopy. Significant improvement is defined by three attributes: (1) the patients had a complete relief after 3 month treatment, (2) colonoscopy indicated the improvement, and (3) no symptom occurred during the first year after the treatment. In some cases, the symptoms had been alleviated and the colonoscopy had indicated the improvement; however, the symptoms repeatedly reoccur-red during the first year after the treatment. We define these cases as improvement. Still there were cases where the patient’s subjective symptoms did not improved, or even became worse. We define these as invalid treatments. Results demonstrated that the percentages of marked improve, improvem, and invalidity for the trial study group are 45.5%, 40.9%, and 13.6%, respectively; while those for the control group are 28.0%, 40.0%, and 32.0%, respectively. Although there is no significant difference in statistics, the percentages of marked improve within the trial study group is higher than that within the control group and the percentages of invalid cases within the trial study group is lower than that within the control group. In conclusions, this initial study indicated that integrating Chinese and western medicine may have better results for the treatment of ulcerative colitis. Studies in larger scale are needed to further confirm this observation.