當惡性淋巴瘤侵犯到腎臟時，與原發性的腎癌（例如腎細胞瘤）很難由一般的影像檢查和臨床上表徵，來做鑑別論斷，而二者之治療迥異。本文報告一例四十一歲男性病人，術前腹部電腦斷層掃描，腎血管攝影等檢查，顯示病人有瀰漫性的右側腎臟腫瘤併主動脈旁淋巴結腫大，術前即懷疑其是否為非原發性腎癌。探腹手術中，腎臟腫瘤、腎動脈旁和主動脈旁淋巴結的病理切片檢查，證實為惡性淋巴瘤。病人在接受強力的化學治療之後，腫瘤完全消失，右腎回復到正常的大小。本病例報告顯示腎臟腫瘤的鑑別診斷應包括惡性淋巴瘤侵犯到腎臟的可能性。

It is difficult to differentiate a malignant lymphoma involving the kidney from renal cell carcinoma by clinical symptoms and imaging studies. Yet the treatment of the two diseases differs. A case is reported of a 41-year-old male patient who had a infiltrating right renal mass with paraaortic lymphadenopathy diagnosed by abdominal computed tomography scan and renal angiography. A metastatic renal lesion was suspected pre-operatively, from imaging studies. Exploratory laparotomy was perfomed. Biopsies of the right kidney and paraaortic lymph nodes revealed Burkitts lymphoma. The renal mass completely disappeared after intensive chemotherapy, and kidney was restored to normal size. This case suggests that the possibility of a malignant lymphoma invading the kidney should be included in the differential diagnosis of a renal mass.