游泳競賽有別於一般運動項目之競賽，在水中必須克服形狀阻力、表面摩擦阻力、與波浪阻力，使身體推進。因此，游泳選手除水中游泳技能的訓練外，也需要陸上相關肌群的重量訓練，以增進水中划手與打水時作用力與反作用力所需的肌力與肌耐力。不同的游泳競賽項目與距離，所注重的肌群重要性的百分比也有所不同，本文透過游泳水中阻力與推進力及重量訓練的概念，將游泳訓練的重要肌群分類為「正面上肢肌群」、「背面上肢肌群」、「下肢肌群」、與「核心肌群」四大類，文末透過簡單的敘述介紹各肌群的重量訓練方式及其注意事項，以提供教練訓練時之參考。

The swim competition is different from other sports. Because the swimmers must overcome the hydraulic pressure, friction, and wave resistance to push them forward. Therefore, the professional swimmers must train their swimming skill and weight training of muscle on the land that can improve their actions and reactions when their arm stroke and leg kick. All of those four swimming competition styles have a range of distances and the swimmers who pay attention the percent of muscular is different. The purpose of this study presents the concepts of water resistance, propulsive force, and weight training. It makes an example to introduce the different muscle groups via upper arm muscles, back extensors muscles, lower limbs muscles, and core stabilizer muscles to provide coach for training practice application.