OBJECTIVE: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common complication associated with end-stage renal disorder (ESRD). The purpose of the survey is to understand the prevalence, severity and potential risk factors of erectile dysfunction in a community-based ESRD population in Taiwan. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred and six male patients with ESRD were evaluated. The prevalence rate and severity of ED were determined according to the erectile function domain of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF). The age of patients, period of hemodialysis, life habits, body mass index (BMI), co-morbidities and laboratory parameters were recorded and analyzed. RESULTS: Ninety-two of 106 patients (86.8%) were found to have ED, and 71 (66.9%) had severe ED. Significant difference of Erectile function domain was found between patients older (6.6±1.3) and younger (11.8±2.5) than 50 years old (p=0.022). Hypertension was the most prevalent medical condition (47.9%) and the only co-morbidity with significant difference of EF domain (p=0.025). We also found the hematocrit level to be significantly correlated to the EF domain in total patients (p=0.01). Only 6 of the 92 ED patients (6.5%) had ever sought treatment for ED before. CONCLUSION: In comparison with the prevalence of ED in the general Taiwanese population, its prevalence in hemodialysis patients is extremely high. Factors such as age, hypertension and hematocrit seem to play an important role in the ED in such patients.