本研究旨在瞭解國民中小學特色發展的困境、認證及策略。首先，釐清學校特色的概念；其次，探究2007年至2012年間之臺灣地區學校特色發展的研究、現況、困境、認證及策略；再次，分析不同個人背景變項、學校環境變項在新竹縣典範學校之學校特色發展現況、困境及策略的差異情形。新竹縣100年度典範學校認證研究之樣本為34所學校，以問卷調查法、訪談法進行研究，問卷調查部分總計發出443份問卷，回收有效問卷354份，有效問卷回收率為80％，所蒐集的資料分別以描述性統計、t檢定、單因子變異數分析等方法進行資料的分析；訪談部分，立意取樣4所學校，針對學校校長及承辦主任共計4人進行訪談。最後，提出研究結論，並根據本研究的結論，對教育行政機關、國民中小學、學校教師及未來研究提出相關建議供作參考。

This research aims to understand the difficulties, certification and coping strategies of school characteristics in Taiwan. Firstly, the concept of school characteristics and featured schools was clarified. Secondly, the development of school characteristics from 2007 to 2012 in Taiwan was investigated, including the research, the current situation, predicaments, certification and strategies. It also analyses the contingency among teachers' individual difference and the school environment. Located in Hsinchu County were 34 paradigm schools declared by Hsinchu County government in 2011. Questionnaires, surveys and interviews were employed. In total, 443 questionnaires were issued; 354 valid questionnaires were returned; a valid response rate was 80%. The the data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, single-factor analysis of variance to conduct data analysis. For interview part, four principals and directors were interviewed by purposive sampling from four schools. Finally, proposing concrete suggestions for educational authorities, administration and teachers according to the research findings, and making related recommendations for future research.