在知識經濟的競爭時代，校長如何帶領成員尋找知識、獲取知識、儲存知識、流通知識、創新知識與利用知識，被視為建構學校智慧資本的重要推動策略，對於學校創新經營與卓越發展有相當大的幫助。但就學校組織而言，許多學者指出：如果校長不能透過信任、規範、網絡、行動等四項社會資本策略，創造一個值得信賴的工作環境，將無法進行成功的學校經營。因此，本文將從中小學校長如何以社會資本發展學校智慧資本的議題進行探討。首先，本文在探討學校社會資本運作策略分析，發現中小學校長可以運用社會資本的信任、規範、網絡、行動四項策略，發展學校同儕關係、行政流程、學校文化、專業社群、公共關係。其次，本文在探討學校智慧資本的結構系統分析，發現中小學校長可以運用智慧資本的知識連結化、知識內在化、知識共同化、知識外在化，發展學校人力資本、組織資本、流程資本、創新資本、顧客資本。最後，綜合本文探討，歸納以下六個發現，做為幫助中小學校長運用社會資本理論，找出有效的發展學校智慧資本之推動策略：1.以社會資本強化專業社群與同儕關係進而培育學校人力資本。2.以社會資本發展專業社群與學校文化進而創發學校創新資本。3.以社會資本強化同儕關係與行政流程進而發展學校流程資本。4.以社會資本增強學校文化與公共關係進而建構學校組織資本。5.以社會資本發展公共關係與行政流程進而提升學校顧客資本。6.以知識轉化策略建構學校智慧資本要素的運作系統。

In the age of knowledge economy, we mentioned how can principals create strategies of intellectual capital from the practice of social capital in elementary and secondary schools. Because of the creation of school intellectual capital was crucial for the school effectiveness. Principals can practice the social capital of school members to accelerate the circulation of knowledge sharing and to yield the intellectual capital. For this purpose, this article tried to illustrate the significance of social capital to create strategies of school intellectual capital. First, the concept of school social capital was analyzed. The results revealed that school social capital consisted of the following components: collegial relationship, administrative process, school culture, and professional society. Secondly, the concept of school intellectual capital was discussed. We found the school intellectual capital composed of 5 forms: human capital, organizational capital, innovation capital, process capital, customer capital. Finally, we proposed 6 suggestions for the issue of “how can principals create strategies of intellectual capital from the practice of social capital” as follows: 1.To increase the human capital by developing collegial relationship and professional society. 2. To create the innovation capital by developing professional society and school culture. 3. To improve the process capital by developing collegial relationship and administrative process. 4. To construct the organizational capital by developing school culture and public relationship. 5. To acquire the customer capital by developing public relationship and administrative process. 6. To construct the operational system of knowledge capital by using knowledge transfer strategy.