師資培育機制之良窳、素質之優劣正是決定教育品質的核心，綜觀我國師資培育改革的趨勢，及現行師資供需相關之重大政策問題，皆突顯出人口結構少子化趨勢對於師資供需失衡問題所扮演之關鍵性因素。本文旨在以人口結構之觀點評析國民教育師資供需之相關問題，首先係從我國學齡人口結構現況及趨勢作切入，進而探究少子化趨勢對師資培育政策之影響，並分析國民教育師資供需之現況與趨勢，最後研究者試以提出相關因應對策，提供政策設計者之決策參考，以期透過適當的調節與管控機制，俾利國民教育師資市場的供需均衡。

Teacher education is the key to the education quality. For the past
years, Taiwan faces dropping of birth rate, the supply and demand of
teacher also needs to adjust its function and policy. And the strategy of
supply and demand are just one of these important issues. Th e article
analyze the policy of teacher education by the point view of population
composition and probe into the state of teacher supply and demand,
with its trend of development, then bring related solving strategies.
Contemplating the reform and problems of teacher education nowadays,
the trend of birth rate dropping plays a key role, and it should be noticed
that how to use adequate control strategy, in order to maintain the balance
of the market of teacher supply and demand. Th e researcher would have
some suggestions and give reference to the education administration
department.