兒童夜尿症是一個常見的問題，四歲的兒童約有20%有夜尿症。雖然每年的自然痊癒率約有15%，直到20歲約有1%的人仍會有此現象。夜尿症問題雖小，但對兒童的正常活動及心理影響卻很大。如何去尋找治療的方法一直是泌尿科醫師努力的目標。為了評估desmopressin再治療原發性夜尿症的功效，我們收集了34位病童，年齡自5歲至24歲(平均10±4歲)，包括16個男孩及18個女孩。病人採雙盲分配並以偽藥與DDAP進行交叉研究。只有一位病人因服藥後頭痛而退出，其餘33位均完成二週偽藥及八週DDAVP以及停藥後追蹤之療程。使用藥物時有效率為91%(67%全乾及24%進步)，停藥一個月後為39%(9%全乾及30%進步)。偽藥的作用極微，可是我們發現停藥後二星期及一個月的追蹤療效有逐漸變差的傾向，顯示心理因素仍在治療效果佔重要地位。本研究亦發現20ug足夠以達到相當理想的結果(21個全乾及8個大幅進步)，但是長達8週的治療期可能還是需要，停藥後的有效率才會好。本研究結論為desmopressin(DDVAP)是一種快速而有效以治療夜尿症的藥物，尤其在小孩子需要有一段時間不尿床以進行正常團體活動(如露營、旅行)時，使用這個藥物會有極佳的效果且副作用極微。

In order to evaluate the efficacy of desmopressin in the treatment of primary nocturnal enuresis, 34 patients aged from 5 to 24 years (mean 10 ± 4) were enrolled in a double blind cross-over study. One patient was witharawn because of headache after treatment for 2 weeks.The response rates were 91% on drug and 39% off drug for 1 month. During the course of treatment, 22(67%) were dry, 8(24%) improved to ≦3 wet nights and 3(9%) remained wetting >4 nights per week. The placebo effect of DDAVP was negligible, but a gradual decline of the effective rete was observed during the follo-up period. A dose of 20 ug was enough to achieve dry in most of the p0atients and an active treatment cours of 8 weeks is adequate to have a high re-sponse rate. Desmopressin is an effective drug in the management of enuresis, especial-ly in the situations that an immediate effect is desirable. When properly used, an ac-ceptable high long-term benefit also can be obtained.