十二年國民基本教育所欲培育的核心素養，是發展十二年國民基本教育各教育階段相關課程的依據，因此，唯有釐清與確認其適切性與合理性，方得以發展與設計出可行的課程。基於此理由，本研究除探討十二年國民基本教育核心素養的意義、理論基礎、架構與內涵之外，亦探討如何針對核心素養發展出十二年國民基本教育課程。從探討中得知，核心素養是社會賢達所精心挑選出，以因應當前與未來社會生活所必要與極關鍵的素養，可透過課程設計將「學科知識」、「基本能力」與「核心能力」加以擴展升級轉型，並統整成為精密組織的螺旋結構，成為可教學、可學習、可評量的核心素養；其具有哲學、人類學、心理學、經濟學、以及社會學等不同學門領域的理論根據，可促進個人發展與社會發展。至於十二年國民教育所擬定出的核心素養包括三大面向（「自主行動」、「溝通互動」、「社會參與」）及九大項目（「身心素質與自我精進」、「系統思考與解決問題」、「規劃執行與創新應變」、「符號運用與溝通表達」、「科技資訊與媒體素養」、「藝術涵養與美感素養」、「道德實踐與公民意識」、「人際關係與團隊合作」、「多元文化與國際理解」），乃是十二年國民教育課程發展與設計的關鍵要素。各教育階段領域/科目的課程內涵，務須呼應所欲培養的核心素養，並將各領域/科目課程內涵與核心素養的呼應關係具體地展現出來。如此一來，將提升教師教學效能與學生學習成效，並達成十二年國民基本教育的功能，從而促進個人發展與社會發展。

The core competencies that 12-year Compulsory Education aims to develop are the basis of the curriculum development and design for the different education steps. Therefore, to clarify and confirm its appropriateness and reasonableness is the only way to develop the best curriculum. According to this reason, this research is going to investigate the meaning of core competencies of 12-year Compulsory Education, theoretical basis and also talk about how to develop the curriculum of 12-year Compulsory Education through the core competencies. After the investigation, we can know that the core competencies are chosen by elites in our society so that these core competencies can fit our needs in current and future society. We can extend and upgrade the academic knowledge, basic ability and core ability through curriculum design. And organized them into a helical structure, so that can be teachable, learnable and measurable. This structure has to include philosophy, anthropology, psychology, economics, and sociology these different kinds of field, so that can improve individual and society development. The core competencies are three fields (“individual”, “communication, and interaction”, “society participation”) and nine items (“physical and mental quality and self – improvement”, “system thinking and problem-solving”, “planning execution and innovation”, “symbolic application and communication expression”, “scientific information and media literacy”, “art consciousness and aesthetic quality”, “moral practice and citizen consciousness”, “interpersonal relationship and teamwork”, “multiculturalism and international understanding”), these core competencies are important to curriculum development and design, the content of curriculum have to fit the core competencies and come out with a specific result. In this manner, it helps teachers teaching and students studying well and promotes both individual and society development.