本研究主要目的在探討國小學生活動空間大小與健康體適能的差異比較。海佃國小及長安國小為臺南市安南區兩所國小，但因兩所國小因地點的不同而使學生人數不同。兩所國小學生的活動空間因此不同，海佃國小平均每人活動面積為 7 平方公尺； 長安國小學生活動面積為 22 平方公尺。本研究以隨機抽樣分別在安南區抽出兩所學校為代表，其中海佃國小抽出男 57 名、女 58 名； 長安國小男 60 名、女 59 名，合計 234 名五年級學生為本研究受試者。所有受試者皆作 BMI、坐姿體前彎、立定跳遠、一分鐘屈膝仰臥起坐、八百公尺跑走等五項體適能測驗，測驗方法依教育部所頒佈的方法。以獨立樣本 t-test 分析兩校健康體適能的差異情形，顯著水準α =.05。研究結果如下：一、在 BMI 的值方面，長安國小女生較海佃國小較高（ p<.05 ），但男生則沒有差別。顯示活動空間大小會影響國小女性學童的身體組成，但男生不影響。二、在坐姿體前彎方面， 長安國小男生表現較海佃國小佳（ p<.05 ），顯示活動空間大的國小男性學童柔軟度較好。三、在立定跳遠方面，不管男女生，長安國小表現均較海佃國小佳（ p<.05 ）， 顯示活動空間大的學童爆發力比較好。四、在一分鐘屈膝仰臥起坐方面， 不管男女生，長安國小表現均較海佃國小佳（ p<.05 ），顯示活動空間大的國小學童腹肌耐力比較好。五、在八百公尺跑走方面， 長安國小男生表現較海佃國小佳（ p<.05 ），顯示活動空間大的國小男學童心肺耐力比較區好，但女生則沒有影響。由以上的結果我們發現：活動空間大的學童在健康體適能方面可能要比活動空間小學童好，顯示活動空間多，對學童的健康體適能是有幫助。因此，爾後學校的設立應考慮學生活動空間比率，或許對整體健康體適能的推動應有比較好的結果。

The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between active space and health-related physical fitness at primary schools in Anan area, Tainan, Taiwan. Hai-Dien and Chung-An primary schools were randomly selected as the sample schools in the study. Three hundred thirty-four fifth grade students were as the subjects. 115 were Hai-Dien (57 males, 58 females) and 119 were Chung-An (60 males, 59 females) students. The average active space for per ftudent in Hai-Dien and Chung-An was 7 m2 and 22 m2, respectively. All of the subjects had to do the health-related fitness including BMI, sit and reach, standing boarding jump, one-min sit-up, and 800m run. Independent t-test was used to analyze the difference between two schools. Alpha level equaled to .05. The findings were as follows: 1. A significant higher score of BMI was found in Chung-An females than Hai-Dien. There was no difference between two schools' boys. This result indicated big active space girls were stronger than less active space girls. 2. A significant higher score of sit and reach was found in Chung-An boys than Hai-Dien. No difference was found between two schools' girls. This result showed that the more active space boys had better flexibility. 3. In standing jump, kids in Chung-An had higher scores than those in Hai-Dien. This showed that more space kids had better power. 4. In one-min sit-up, kids in Chung-An performed better than that of Hai-Dien. This showed that more active sapce kids had better muscular endurance. 5. A significant higher score of 800m run was found in Chung-An boys than that of Hai-Dien. No difference was found between two schools' girls. This result was indicated more active space boys had better cardiovascular endurance. Based on the findings, we found that the larger active space, the better health-related fitness. Therefore, if a new school will be founded in the future, the active space should be considered, which is a better way of promoting the program of health-related fitness.