本研究之目的在比較不同的長跑量與身體質量指數對老年男性T淋巴球分泌白血球間素 -2 和白血球間素 -4 的差異，二十三位健康老年男性在經過篩選後成為本研究的受試對象，依每週跑步的距離將受試者分為高長跑組、低長跑組與控制組；依身體質量指數將受試者分為高身體質量指數組、中身體質量指數組和低身體質量指數組，在受試者的左手橈骨靜脈處抽取血液 150cc， 經過單一核細胞的培養後，分析白血球間素 -2 和白血球間素 -4 的分泌濃度， 以單因子變異數分析比較三組受試者在依變項上的差異。 所得結果顯示：1) 低長跑組（ 21.84 ± 2.05pg/ml ）的血液 T 淋巴球在白血球間素 -2 的分泌濃度上顯著大於高長跑組（ 19.32 ± 0.63pg/ml ）（ P<0.05 ），高長跑組與控制組、低長跑組與控制組之間未達顯著差異； 在白血球間素 -4 的分泌上， 低長跑組（ 19.16 ± 1.48 pg/ml ）顯著高於高長跑組（ 16.22 ± 0.92 pg/ml ）和控制組（ 16.30 ± 0.52 pg/ml ）（ P<0.05 ），高長跑組與控制組之間未達顯著差異。2) 在身體質量指數上低身體質量指數組（ 21.53 ± 1.64 pg/ml ）的 T 淋巴球在白血球間素 -2 的分泌濃度顯著大於中身體質量指數組（ 19.29 ± 0.62 pg/ml ）和高身體質量指數組（ 19.43 ± 0.81pg/ml ）， 中身體質量指數組與高身體質量指數組之間未達顯著差異；在白血球間素 -4 的分泌上，低身體質量指數組（ 18.14 ± 1.65pg/ml ）顯著大於中身體質量指數組（ 15.95 ± 0.74 pg/ml ）和高身體質量指數組（ 16.21 ± 0.40 pg/ml ）（ P<0.05 ）， 中身體質量指數組與高身體質量指數組之間未達顯著差異。本研究所獲得的結論是適量的長跑運動及保持較低的身體質量指數有益於老年男性後天免疫系統的調節作用。

The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of different long distance running volume and body mass index on secretion of Interleukin-2 (Il-2) and Interleukin-4 (Il-4) from T Lymphocyte in the elderly men. Twenty-three male subject were selected and divided into high long distance running volume (HLDR), low long distance running volume (LLDR), and control (C) group according to their running distance; high body mass index (HBMI), middle body mass index (MBMI), and low body mass index (LBMI) group according to their body mass index. Blood sample was taken for measurement of Il-2 and Il-4 secretion from mononuclear cell. One way ANOVA was used to compare the difference among the group. The following results were found: 1) The secretion of Il-2 from T Lymphocyte of LLDR (21.84 ± 2.05pg/ml) was significantly higher than HLDR (19.32 ± 0.63 pg/ml) (P<0.05), there was no significant different between LLDR and C, HLDR and C in the secretion of Il-2. The secretion of Il-4 from T Lymphocyte of LLDR (19.16 ± 1.48 pg/ml) was significantly higher than HLDR (16.22 ± 0.92 pg/ml) and C (16.30 ± 0.52 pg/ml) (P<0.05), there was no significant different between HLDR and C in the secretion of Il-4 from TLymphocyte. 2) Secretion of Il-2 from T Lymphocyte of LBMI (21.53 ± 1.64 pg/ml ) was significantly higher than MBMI (19.29 ± 0.62 pg/ml) and HBMI (19.43 ± 0.81 pg/ml) (P<0.05), there was no significantly different between MBMI and HBMI in the secretion of Il-2; The secretion of Il-4 from T Lymphocyte of LBMI (18.14 ± 1.65 pg/ml) was significantly higher than MBMI (15.95 ± 0.74 pg/ml) and HBMI (16.21 ± 0.40 pg/ml) (P<0.05), there was no significantly different between HBMI and MBMI in the secretion of Il-4. In conclusion, moderate long distance running volume and low body mass index was adventageous to regulation of adaptived immune system in the elderly men.