就中國近代民族主義的發展而言，民族精神的培養，是體育思想的主流。抗戰時期的中國，面臨內憂外患存亡之際，國民政府倡導民族精神教育，以喚醒國民，鍛練堅強的體魄，藉以統一意志與行動。作為教育一環之體育，為民族精神教育之加強重點;抗戰之所以勝利，實與本時期推展體育有密切的關係。抗戰時期中國民族精神教育體育思想分背景及發展。其背景為存亡危機之自覺、近代青年訓練之興起及民族復興運動之倡導(刊於國立體育學院論叢3卷1期)，發展依時間之演進形成:都始、植基、確立三個時期。輯始期所表現的是民族本位的中心思想(刊於本學報14輯)，植基期所表現的是自衛街圓的中心思想，確立期所表現的是民族健康的中心思想。本文在探討植基期的發展，它是主動的、積極的做法，以文武合一、體育軍事化及體會II化等三個課題核心所構成，以挽抗戰時期文弱之頹風，樹蓬勃之朝氣。

In terms of the development of modern Chinese nationalism， the cultivation of national spirit had been in the mainstream of Chinese physical education thought. At the juncture of being confronted with internal turmoil and external troubles during the Sino-Japanese War， the nationalist Government advocated national-spirit education to arouse the people and urge them to build up a strong body so as to unify their will and action. Asa link in the chain of education， physical education was the focus of emphasis in national-spirit educaiton; the reason why China won the Sino-Japanese War was closely connected with the promotion of physical education during this period. Research on the physical education thought in Chinese national-spirit education during the Sino-Japanese War covers its background and development. Its background involved Chinese self-consciousness of the crisis of survival， the rise of modern youth training， and advocacy of the movement of national revival. (See No.1， Vol. 3， Journal of Physical Education and Sports， National College of Physical Education and Sports.) In accordance with its chronological progression， its development fell into the three periods of origin， foundation， and establishment. The period of origin saw the expression of the core thought based on nationalism. (See the 14th issue of the present Journal.) The period of foundation saw the expression of the core thought of self-strengthening for self-defense and for the defense of one's country; the period of establishment saw the expression of the core thought of national health. This article makes an inquiry into the development during the period of foundation， which was represented by active and aggressive practice and was composed of the three cores of the subject: education that laid emphasis on the pen and the sword alike， militarization of physical education， and uniform practice of physical training， for the purpose of stemming the tide of effete decadence to establish a climate of youthful vigor during the Sino-Japanese War.