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中國畜牧學會會誌
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中文摘要
高量餵乳促進新生仔羊之增重，然而提高仔羊離乳轉換適應難度，常會導致斷乳轉換期間生長停滯。 本試驗使用 13 隻乳用種雜交仔羊出生體重（3.1 ±0.6 公斤），仔羊於 1 週齡開始高量餵乳，固定於 每週體重的 20%，滿 6 週齡後，固定於 6 週齡體重的20%。仔羊於 14 週齡斷乳，試驗比較於 12 或 13 週齡開始離乳，對仔羊斷乳轉換期間（4 週）生長之影響。教槽精料於仔羊滿 1 週齡開始， 依照體重百分比逐週增加餵飼量。滿 7 週齡開始，依照體重百分比逐週增加餵飼百慕達草桿。所有 仔羊依照 1 至 6 週齡之每日增重，逢機分配至 12 週齡開始離乳（12 W，n＝6），或是 13 週齡開 始離乳（13 W，n＝7）。試驗期間，每日記錄仔羊採食量，每週量測體重。兩組於離乳前一週（11 或 12 週齡）與斷乳後一週（15 週齡），採血分析血液生化值。結果顯示，兩組仔羊離乳體重（15.3 ±2.7、 17.7 ± 4.8 公斤）與斷乳體重（16.2 ± 2.8、18.1 ± 5.1 公斤）沒有差異。斷乳轉換期間（12~16 週齡） 之每日增重（24.5 ± 24.4 公克、49.7 ± 26.8 公克）在 13 W 組仔羊有較高的趨勢（P ＝ 0.11），而 飼料轉換增重在兩組之間沒有差異。離乳前血漿液中血液尿素氮及白蛋白濃度在13 W 組仔羊較高（P ＜ 0.05），斷乳後血液性狀兩組間沒有差異。高量餵乳仔羊延後 1 週開始離乳，似乎有助於改善斷 乳轉換期間之表現。
英文摘要
High levels of milk feeding enhance weight gain of new born kids. However, such incurs difficulty in adapting to weaning transition and generally leads to stunted kid growth. This trial used cross-bred dairy goat kids (n=13, initial body weight=3.1±0.6 kg). Beginning at age 1 week, kids were fed high amounts of milk at 20% of weekly body weight. After age 6 week, milk feeding level was held since at 20% of body weight at age of 6 week. Kids were weaned at 14 weeks of age. The trail compared weaning age of 12 or 13 weeks, in relationship to kid growth during weaning transition (4 weeks). Kids began starter feeding after age 1 week and amounts increased based on body weight percent. Bermudagrass straw was fed by age 7 weeks, also with incremental level by percentage of body weight. All kids were randomly distributed, by average daily gain up to age 6 weeks, to weaning treatment at age 12 (12 W, n=6) or 13 (13W, n=7) weeks. Feed intake was recorded daily, and body weight was determined weekly during the trial. Blood samples were taken for biological analysis at 1 week before weaning (age 11 or 12 weeks) and again one week (age 15 weeks) post kids were weaned. The results showed no differences in weaning (15.3±2.7, 17.7±4.8 kg) and weaned (16.2 ±2.8, 18.1 ±5.1 kg) body weight between treatments. Average daily gain (24.5±24.4, 49.7±26.8 g) during weaning transition (12 to 16 weeks of age) tended (P = 0.11) to be greater in kids weaning at age of 13 weeks. But, feed efficiency did not alter. Pre-weaning plasma blood urea nitrogen and albumin levels elevated (P < 0.05) in kids weaning at age 13 weeks. No differences were found in blood traits after kids were weaned. Delayed weaning for 1 week seemed to improve weaning transition in kids fed high levels of milk.