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中國畜牧學會會誌
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中文摘要
乳牛基因體選拔技術是全球乳業育種技術趨勢之ㄧ。這種利用單核苷酸多態性（SNPs） 是一種強大的基因體選拔工具，是新一代分子標記選拔。本研究的目的是建立台灣乳牛基 因體評估系統。使用 GeneSeek Prime 50K SNP 芯片進行基因體測試於分所76頭荷蘭乳牛。 遺傳評估主要包括（1）健康產量繁殖性狀、（2）體型性狀、（3）遺傳狀態和（4）親本 鑑定。此次分析動物的基因體可信度介於 68-74％ 之間。用以估算動物終生收益程度的 淨值，其平均值為 72.42。前 10 大終身淨值為 250 至 388。而最差10個終身淨值是 -121 至 -273。平均產乳量 TPA 為 98.51。前 10 乳產量數值為 739 至 1450。最差 10 隻介 於 -489 至 -781。以體型組成及結構為主的綜合指數之體型指數，其平均值為 -0.07。前 10體型指數為 0.61 至 1.37。而最差 10 隻是 -0.69 至 -1.64。結果顯示本牛群個體遺傳 潛力差異大。為了改善族群平均基因體結構及增進遺傳改進速率，可以加以淘汰最差者， 並且增加菁英牛隻後代數量。
英文摘要
Dairy cattle genomic selection technique, the use of genomic information, is one of the global trends in dairy breeding technology. This single nucleotide polymorphism (SNPs) is a powerful genome selection tool that is a new generation of molecular marker selection. The purpose of this study is to establish a Taiwanese dairy cattle genome evaluation system. The study was conducted by genomic testing of 76 B & W Holstein cattle using the GeneSeek Prime 50K SNP chip. Genetic assessment mainly included (1) health-yield-fertility traits, (2) type traits, (3) genetic conditions and (4) parental identification. The genome reliability of animals is between 68-74%. When observing the net merit value of an animal, an estimate of the lifetime profit of the animal, the average value was 72.42. Top ten net merits were worth of 250 to 388. The worst 10 net merits were from -121 to -273. The average milk production was 98.51. The top ten milk productions were 739 to 1450. The worst 10 milk productions were -489 to -781. The results show that individuals vary widely. In order to improve the average genome profile in the herd, the worst animal can be culled and the number of offspring of the top animals can be increased.